Abstract
Atlantia monophylla (L.) Correa, a member of the Rutaceae family, is a medicinal plant widely distributed in South and Southeast Asia and traditionally utilized for the treatment of various ailments including infections, inflammation, and metabolic disorders. In recent years, increasing scientific attention has been directed toward understanding the phytochemical composition and pharmacological properties of this plant. The present systematic review aims to comprehensively summarize the available literature on the phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, toxicity profile, and emerging therapeutic potential of Atlantia monophylla. Extensive studies have identified a wide range of bioactive constituents such as flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, coumarins, terpenoids, and essential oils in different parts of the plant. These phytochemicals contribute to diverse biological activities including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, ant diabetic, and anticancer effects. Experimental investigations have demonstrated that extracts and isolated compounds from A. monophylla exhibit significant free radical scavenging activity, inhibition of pathogenic microorganisms, and modulation of inflammatory pathways. In addition, certain alkaloids and flavonoids isolated from the plant have shown promising cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines, suggesting potential applications in oncology research. Toxicological evaluations indicate that plant extracts are relatively safe at moderate doses; however, further detailed safety assessments and clinical investigations are required. Recent advances in nanotechnology have also opened new opportunities for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of A. monophylla phytochemicals through nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems, which may improve bioavailability, stability, and targeted delivery. Overall, the available evidence highlights the significant pharmacological potential of Atlantia monophylla and underscores the need for further mechanistic studies, isolation of novel compounds, and well-designed clinical trials to fully explore its therapeutic applications in modern medicine.