Abstract
Trismus, which is characterized by restricted mouth opening, has a substantial impact on the quality of life in people with head and neck cancer, oral submucous fibrosis, and other disorders. It interferes with fundamental tasks such as eating, speaking, and oral hygiene. Physiotherapy, which includes jaw mobilizing devices, guided exercises, manual therapy, and adjunct technologies like ultrasound and laser, is critical in the management of trismus. This review highlights recent information on physiotherapeutic therapies for trismus, assesses their effectiveness, and examines important obstacles such as patient compliance and the lack of standardized treatment regimens. It also looks ahead to future opportunities such as individualized rehabilitation treatments and upcoming technologies. The review contains current clinical studies and randomized controlled trials on exercise-based therapies, manual approaches, and technological applications. It also takes into account patient-reported outcomes and diverse treatment techniques. The findings indicate that physiotherapy, particularly when combined with planned exercises and technology, greatly improves mouth opening and overall quality of life. However, variation in treatment regimens and patient compliance remains an issue. Moving toward tailored therapy and integrating technology such as virtual reality and artificial intelligence could assist improve outcomes. Large-scale research is required to develop standardized, evidence-based standards for providing consistent and effective care.