Abstract
Background: Unilateral Spatial Neglect (USN) is a common neuropsychological condition often resulting from brain injury, leading to a lack of attention to one side of space. Optokinetic Stimulation (OKS) has emerged as a promising intervention for reducing USN symptoms, leveraging dynamic visual stimuli to facilitate sensory reorganization and attentional shift. Methodology: This literature review synthesizes findings from 10 studies (2005–2024) investigating the efficacy of Optokinetic Stimulation for USN. The studies selected include randomized controlled trials and clinical investigations evaluating the impact of OKS on spatial attention and neurophysiological changes in patients with USN. Results: Optokinetic Stimulation was found to produce significant improvements in visuospatial tasks such as line bisection and cancellation, with effects maintained at follow-up. Studies indicated that OKS enhances attention by engaging smooth pursuit eye movements and activating parieto-occipital networks, promoting interhemispheric balance. Short-duration interventions also yielded positive results, supporting the clinical feasibility of OKS as an effective, time-efficient treatment. Conclusion: OKS offers a promising therapeutic approach for USN, providing both immediate and sustained benefits in spatial attention and functional outcomes. Future research should further explore its mechanistic basis and optimal treatment protocols.